What Functions Does a Securi鐘坐有明ty Scanner Have?

In general, a security scanner has three ma人舊腦志in functions. Let's take a look at them together報森能拍:

-Discovering a network or a host 生老商吃on the Internet.

-Once a host is discovered, ide低內員在ntifying the types of services runnin和行要間g on it.

-By testing these services, identifyi快年北志ng any known vulnerabilities 開員慢電and providing patchin吧村地輛g recommendations.

Source Code Scanning:

Source code scannin都件那姐g primarily focuses on open-source programs. It個購關上 involves examining the program for file s讀刀他道tructures, naming convention這購電吧s, functions, stack pointers, and other票紙筆體 elements that do not adhere to 刀是得輛security rules. This helps們自我厭 uncover potential security f作請北黃laws in the program. This vulnerability 小土車得analysis technique requires舊亮訊黃 proficiency in programming languages and the友火理懂 definition of inspection rules for i風會校問nsecure code. The so頻得線行urce code is examined usin兒姐厭樂g expression matching to che劇高雪他ck for security issues.

Since program behavior is又雜紙光 dynamic during runtime, it is謝謝會又 not possible to accurately understand the p票商離拿rogram's semantics without co物湖會我nsidering function parameters照關見區 and the calling environment, and without perform日理請物ing lexical and syntactic ana妹微熱日lysis of the source code. Therefore, thi科要南件s method cannot detect secu黃們站山rity vulnerabilities that may a為裡員不rise during the dynamic executi站能長音on of the program.

Disassembly Scanning:
Disassembly scanning is often an開個船可 effective method for discovering security年歌討新 vulnerabilities in programs that do not have pub學服會雜licly available source code鐘爸可綠. Analyzing disassembled code requires e土制湖多xtensive experience and may involv年對務這e the use of auxiliary to跳她時相ols to simplify the process. Howeve話河舊車r, there is no fully 聽員相鐵automated tool available to acco跳玩算短mplish this process. For example,站民輛舊 using a disassembly pro了照雨一gram like IDA (www.datarescu開路我白e.com), one can obtain the assembly scri電器男輛pt language of the target program a體事見男nd scan the disassembled script 新多器錢language to identify susp校妹森科icious code sequences.

The benefit of using disassembly to find sy好紅章城stem vulnerabilities is that, theoretic舊拿金錢ally, it can address any complex problem.動習快嗎 However, its drawbacks are apparent. This me公還算也thod is time-consuming, requires a high l讀長習廠evel of technical expertise, and cannot de開見廠雨tect security vulnerabi厭劇懂刀lities that arise durin畫區科地g the dynamic execution of the program.懂子照計

Environment Error Injection:

Due to the dynamic nature of program 兒道水區execution, static code scanning is incomple月能人城te. Environment error injection is a mat木影謝子ure software testing method that has been widely 綠路水離applied in protocol securi師話去要ty testing and other fields.

A system typically cons請南店房ists of "application媽看要高s" and "runtime environments." For various 劇家數章reasons, programmers alw朋不頻鄉ays assume that their program器電機他s will run correctly in a normal e黑有用舞nvironment. When these 內信長劇assumptions hold true, their programs n吧綠影家aturally function correctly. However, due to the那制下笑 environment being a shared resource, it is oft低暗民長en influenced by other entities, especially mal喝報車知icious users. As a result, the assumption亮高林視s made by programmers may be器民大間 incorrect. The ability of a 拍空話日program to tolerate error刀都光我s in the environment is a key issue affectin山近拿商g its robustness.

Error injection, which involves intentiona藍紙說少lly injecting artificial errors in務子從又to the software's runtime暗光日門 environment and verifying the reactions, is an e議路得你ffective method for assessi跳又到子ng the fault tolerance and reliability of comp現火我算uter and software systems. During the testing p體雪還慢rocess, errors are injected into the environm年了跳分ent, causing interference.老工他白 In other words, the software's running environ雜市紅房ment is disturbed during th雨可從數e testing process, and observatio那厭討南ns are made on how the progr媽購可謝am responds under such disturbances and whethe多作低計r it leads to security incidents. I綠為在問f no incidents occur, the system can be 秒哥錯影considered secure. In summary, the error inj東兵區紙ection method aims to trigger security vulne計舞區月rabilities present in the prog算鐵分美ram by selecting an appropriate error mo放雪音遠del.

In real-world situatio南志討湖ns, it is challenging to trigger abnormal env慢間匠吃ironments, as it depends on the tester's 舞謝見去knowledge of the "environment" and ho視理師鄉w to trigger it. Therefore, testing s樂歌術線oftware security in excepti女綠離動onal environments becomes diff見房志好icult. Error injection techniqu窗銀睡白es provide a way to simu理國厭靜late abnormal environm有業友又ents without concerning themselves藍國地腦 with how these errors occur in re會話遠你ality.

The analysis of software environment error inject員分樂制ion also relies on known securit業村紙金y vulnerabilities in the o我少這子perating system. In other words, when perfor就黃一厭ming error injection analysis器內上好 on software, it is crucial to fully consider t車亮微家he security flaws present 中東藍雪in the operating system, as these 場麗來街flaws can impact the software's security. Theref下長拍務ore, selecting an appropriate 什房年姐error model to trigge坐場算章r the hidden security vulnerabilitie看區短議s in the program is of utmost impo冷姐師請rtance. It is necessary t上個到綠o choose an error model that can simulate real章雨腦些 software systems at a生資要山 high level, then analyze how attac影雨可可kers exploit vulnerabiliti月綠妹可es recorded in vulnerability databases and tr美紅內新ansform these exploits into env麗黃子志ironmental error injections. This helps narrow th樂船錯工e gap between error injections during testing and大你音報 actual occurrences of er老土朋藍rors.

In conclusion, the methods for vul志海線友nerability detection discussed here include s為通火是ecurity scanning techniques pr開討風美imarily aimed at detecting known vulnera做有請車bilities, while the latte謝對科算r three methods primarily focus on det去路錢為ecting unknown vulnerabilit通低房但ies. For the detection of unknown v唱費吃議ulnerabilities, source code s金習錢姐canning (including disassemb學睡拍民ly scanning) belongs to static detect行子姐行ion techniques, while enviro鄉一刀男nment error injection falls unde畫動錢員r dynamic detection t好呢刀坐echniques.

Furthermore, looking at i學體空慢t from a different perspective, source code scan如兵資拍ning (including disass又從見雜embly scanning) is similar 下金快司to white-box testing as it detects potential答票化看 issues in the software system's source code哥樹了慢. On the other hand, environment error i區票個如njection methods are紅志靜樹 similar to black-box testing. They do not f學弟志睡ocus on code-related issues but instea窗國自分d interfere with the program's runt兒體火錯ime environment and observe 很了爸黑how the program responds 長少那國to injected errors, aiming to identify i街一玩在ssues from the program's periphery.信作玩民

The purpose of vulnerability detection 制如商自is to discover and patch vulnerabilities, ulti鐘睡公坐mately enhancing the security of information 議海電音systems and fundamentally re業著大雪ducing the occurrence of security incident個身通金s.

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